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What is the use of switch ratio?

2026-01-13 01:19:27 mechanical

What is the use of switch ratio?

On/Off Ratio is an important parameter in the performance of electronic devices, especially in the fields of transistors, memristors, photodetectors and other fields. It measures the current ratio of the device in the "on" state (conduction) and the "off" state (cutoff), which directly reflects the switching performance and energy consumption efficiency of the device. The following are the specific applications and significance of the switch ratio.

1. The core role of switch ratio

What is the use of switch ratio?

The switching ratio directly affects the performance and applicable scenarios of the device:

Application areasThe role of switching ratioTypical value requirements
transistorDetermines power consumption and signal clarity of logic circuits104~107
MemristorAffects the data stability of the memory103~106
photodetectorMeasuring the contrast between dark current and photocurrent102~105

2. Correlation analysis of hot topics across the entire network

Among the hot technology topics in the past 10 days, discussions related to switch ratio have focused on the following areas:

hot eventsRelated technologiesSwitching ratio optimization direction
AI chip energy efficiency breakthroughTwo-dimensional material transistorRaised to 108to reduce power consumption
Advances in Neuromorphic Computingmemristor cross arrayImplementation 106level of stability
Flexible electronic devicesorganic semiconductorAddressing low on/off ratio (102) bottleneck

3. Technical optimization path for switch ratio

The main methods to improve the on-off ratio include:

technical meansImplementation principleImproved effect
Ability to lead projectsAdjusting the semiconductor band gapReduce off-state leakage current
Interface passivationReduce surface defect statesEnhanced switching steepness
New structural designSuch as FinFET, GAAImprove gate control capabilities

4. Industry application cases

Data released at the 2023 IEEE International Electronic Devices Conference shows:

Manufacturer/InstitutionDevice typeOn/off ratioTechnical Highlights
TSMC2nm GAA transistor5×106Nanosheet stacking technology
IMECMoS2transistor3×107Atomic layer deposition passivation
Chinese Academy of SciencesPerovskite photodetector2×104Interface defect repair technology

5. Future development trends

As semiconductor technology enters the sub-3nm era, the optimization of on-off ratio faces new challenges:

  • Quantum tunneling effect causes off-state current to rise

  • The intrinsic zero band gap problem of new two-dimensional materials (such as graphene)

  • Thermal coupling interference in three-dimensional integration technology

The industry is exploring innovative solutions such as topological insulators and negative capacitance transistors, aiming to increase the switching ratio of mainstream devices by another order of magnitude by 2025.

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